SSB bandwidth refers to the range of frequencies a signal occupies. Standard SSB transmissions typically fall within 2.4 kHz to 3.0 kHz. However, some radios allow adjustments, enabling operators to use either narrow or wider settings depending on conditions.
- Wide Bandwidth (2.8 – 3.0 kHz)
- Provides richer, more natural audio.
- Requires more spectrum space.
- Can suffer from increased interference in crowded bands.
- Todays SDR radios can go to 5.0 or higher
- Narrow Bandwidth (1.8 – 2.4 kHz)
- Improves signal intelligibility in noisy conditions.
- Reduces background interference.
- Sounds less natural but enhances weak signal readability.
Each setting has its advantages and is suited to different operating conditions.
Advantages of Wide Bandwidth
Wide SSB bandwidth enhances audio quality and improves communication in favorable conditions. When signals are strong and band activity is low, wide bandwidth offers several benefits:
- Richer, More Natural Sound – A wider frequency range allows for better voice clarity and depth, making conversations easier to understand.
- Improved Local Communication – Stronger local signals benefit from higher fidelity, reducing listener fatigue.
- Easier to Recognize Voices – With more frequencies included, individual operators’ voices sound more distinct.
- Better for Rag-chewing and Nets – Casual conversations and net operations benefit from a more comfortable listening experience.
However, wide bandwidth isn’t always the best choice. In crowded bands, excessive bandwidth can lead to interference, reducing the effectiveness of your transmission.
Advantages of Narrow Bandwidth
Narrow SSB bandwidth is ideal when conditions are challenging. DXers and operators in noisy environments rely on narrow settings to optimize weak signal reception. Key advantages include:
- Better DX Performance – A narrower bandwidth concentrates power into a smaller range, making it easier for distant stations to hear your signal.
- Less Interference – In busy bands, reducing bandwidth helps avoid adjacent signal overlap, leading to clearer reception.
- Improved Weak Signal Copy – When signals are fading or battling noise, narrow bandwidth helps isolate transmissions from background static.
- More Efficient Use of Spectrum – Narrow signals allow more operators to fit into the available bandwidth, reducing congestion.
Despite these benefits, narrow bandwidth has drawbacks. It can make audio sound muffled and harder to understand, especially if signal processing isn’t optimized.
Which Bandwidth to Use for DX?
When chasing DX, narrow bandwidth is usually the best choice. Weak signals benefit from reduced noise and interference, making it easier to copy faint transmissions.
Best Practices for DXing with Narrow Bandwidth:
- Use 1.8 – 2.4 kHz bandwidth to concentrate power and cut out interference.
- Adjust RF gain and noise reduction to improve reception.
- Keep speech processing or compression enabled for better signal penetration.
- Monitor the band conditions and adjust bandwidth as needed.
In cases where band noise is minimal, slightly increasing bandwidth (e.g., to 2.6 kHz) can improve audio clarity without sacrificing too much signal strength.
Which Bandwidth to Use for Local Contacts?
For local contacts, wide bandwidth is preferable since signals are strong, and interference is usually minimal. The improved audio quality makes for more pleasant communication.
Best Practices for Local Communication with Wide Bandwidth:
- Use 2.8 – 3.0 kHz bandwidth when conditions allow.
- Keep audio processing to a minimum for natural voice transmission.
- If the band gets crowded, reduce bandwidth slightly to avoid interfering with nearby stations.
However, if signals are weak, consider switching to a narrower setting to maintain clarity.
How Bandwidth Affects Performance
Signal Strength & Readability
- Wider bandwidth spreads power across more frequencies, making the signal sound fuller but less effective in weak conditions.
- Narrower bandwidth concentrates power, improving readability for DX contacts and weak signals.
Interference & Band Crowding
- Wider bandwidth increases the chance of adjacent-channel interference.
- Narrow bandwidth helps isolate signals in busy environments.
Audio Quality
- Wide bandwidth produces better-sounding audio, ideal for casual QSOs.
- Narrow bandwidth can sound harsh but improves signal intelligibility in weak conditions.
SSB Bandwidth Explained
SSB bandwidth plays a crucial role in radio performance. Choosing the right setting depends on your operating conditions. For DX and weak signals, narrow bandwidth is the best choice. It improves readability and reduces interference. For local contacts and casual conversations, wide bandwidth provides better audio quality.
Much of this can apply to CW, however at much smaller bandwidths. By adjusting bandwidth based on conditions, you can enhance your ability to hear and be heard, making every QSO more effective and enjoyable.